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... ... @@ -7,85 +7,142 @@ 7 7 {{/velocity}} 8 8 9 9 {{box cssClass="floatinginfobox" title="**Contents**"}} 10 -{{toc start= "3"/}}10 +{{toc start=2 /}} 11 11 {{/box}} 12 12 13 - ===1. Project Information===13 +1. Project Information 14 14 15 15 {{info}} 16 -==== 1.1 Project Title ==== 17 -**Innovative approaches to applied computations and software development for gender equality regulation on labour market** 18 -{{/info}} 16 +**1.1 Project Title:** Innovative approaches to applied computations and software development for gender equality regulation on labour market 19 19 20 -{{info}} 21 -==== 1.2 Project Science and Technology Areas: ==== 22 -|(% width="15%" %)**Primary:** | Industrial Technologies 23 -|(% width="15%" %)**Secondary:** | Environmental and Non-Nuclear Energy Research 24 -{{/info}} 25 25 26 26 27 - ====1.3ProjectManager:====20 +**1.2 Project Science and Technology Areas:** 28 28 29 -|(% width="15%" %)**Name:** | Colesnicova Tatiana Vladimir (PhD, Associate Professor) 30 -|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:** | (+373.22) 501104 31 -|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:** | (+373.22) 743794 32 -|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:** | ctania@gmail.com 33 33 34 -==== 1.4 Coordinating Institution: ==== 35 -|(% width="15%" %)**Name:** | National Institute for Economic Research of Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of of Moldova 36 -|(% width="15%" %)**Address:** | MD-2064, 45, Ion Creanga, Сhisinau, Moldova 23 +**Primary:** Industrial Technologies 37 37 38 - ==== 1.5 Participatinginstitutionmanager:====25 +**Secondary:** Environmental and Non-Nuclear Energy Research 39 39 40 -|(% width="15%" %)**Name:** | Colesnicov Alexandru Eugeniu (PhD, Associate Professor) 41 -|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:** | (+373.22) 738073 42 -|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:** | (+373.22) 738027 43 -|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:** | acolesnicov@gmx.com 44 44 45 - ====1.6ParticipatingInstitution:====28 +**1.3 Project Manager:** 46 46 47 -|(% width="15%" %)**Name:** | Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science of Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of of Moldova 48 -|(% width="15%" %)**Address:** | MD-2028, Academy, 5, Chisinau, Moldova 49 49 50 - ====1.7 ForeignCollaborators: ====31 +**Name:** Colesnicova Tatiana Vladimir (PhD, Associate Professor) 51 51 52 -|(% width="15%" %)**Person:** | Vasa Laszlo 53 -|(% width="15%" %)**Country:** | Hungary 54 -|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:**|Institute For Foreign Affairs And Trade 55 -|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:** | (+36.1) 2795702 56 -|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:** | (+36.1) 2795701 57 -|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:** | laszlo.vasa@ifat.hu 33 +**Phone:** (+373.22) 501104 58 58 59 -|(% width="15%" %)**Person:** |Ghinararu Catalin-Corneliu 60 -|(% width="15%" %)**Country:** |Romania 61 -|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:** |National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection 62 -|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:** |(+40.21) 3124069 63 -|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:** |(+40.21) 3117595 64 -|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:** |catalin.ghinararu@gmail.com 35 +**Fax:** (+373.22) 743794 65 65 66 -|(% width="15%" %)**Person:** | Forascu Corina 67 -|(% width="15%" %)**Country:** | Romania 68 -|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:**| Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi 69 -|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:** | (+40.232) 201090 70 -|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:** | (+40.232) 201490 71 -|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:** | corina.forascu@gmail.com 37 +**E-mail:** ctania@gmail.com 72 72 73 -|(% width="15%" %)**Person:** | Ciobanu Ghenadie 74 -|(% width="15%" %)**Country:** | Romania 75 -|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:**| National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection 76 -|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:** | (+40.213) 124069 77 -|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:** | (+40.213) 117595 78 -|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:** | ghenadc@gmail.com 79 79 80 -|(% width="15%" %)**Person:** | Verlan Serghei 81 -|(% width="15%" %)**Country:** | France 82 -|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:**| Universite Paris Est Creteil, LACL, Departement Informatique 83 -|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:** | (+33.0) 145176600 84 -|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:** | (+33.0) 145176600 85 -|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:** | verlan@u-pec.fr 40 +**1.4 Coordinating Institution:** 86 86 87 - ====1.8Projectlocation andfacilities:====42 +**Name:** National Institute for Economic Research of Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of of Moldova 88 88 44 +**Address:** MD-2064, 45, Ion Creanga, Сhisinau, Moldova 45 + 46 + 47 +**1.5 Participating institution manager:** 48 + 49 + 50 + 51 +**Name:** Colesnicov Alexandru Eugeniu (PhD, Associate Professor) 52 + 53 +**Phone:** (+373.22) 738073 54 + 55 +**Fax:** (+373.22) 738027 56 + 57 +**E-mail:** acolesnicov@gmx.com 58 + 59 + 60 +**1.6 Participating Institution:** 61 + 62 + 63 + 64 +**Name:** Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science of Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of of Moldova 65 + 66 +**Address:** MD-2028, Academy, 5, Chisinau, Moldova 67 + 68 + 69 +**1.7 Foreign Collaborators:** 70 + 71 + 72 + 73 +**Person:** Vasa Laszlo 74 + 75 +**Country:** Hungary 76 + 77 +**Organization:**Institute For Foreign Affairs And Trade 78 + 79 +**Phone:** (+36.1) 2795702 80 + 81 +**Fax:** (+36.1) 2795701 82 + 83 +**E-mail:** laszlo.vasa@ifat.hu 84 + 85 + 86 + 87 +**Person:** Ghinararu Catalin-Corneliu 88 + 89 +**Country:** Romania 90 + 91 +**Organization:**National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection 92 + 93 +**Phone:** (+40.21) 3124069 94 + 95 +**Fax:** (+40.21) 3117595 96 + 97 +**E-mail:** catalin.ghinararu@gmail.com 98 + 99 + 100 + 101 +**Person:** Forascu Corina 102 + 103 +**Country:** Romania 104 + 105 +**Organization:**Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi 106 + 107 +**Phone:** (+40.232) 201090 108 + 109 +**Fax:** (+40.232) 201490 110 + 111 +**E-mail:** corina.forascu@gmail.com 112 + 113 + 114 + 115 +**Person:** Ciobanu Ghenadie 116 + 117 +**Country:** Romania 118 + 119 +**Organization:**National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection 120 + 121 +**Phone:** (+40.213) 124069 122 + 123 +**Fax:** (+40.213) 117595 124 + 125 +**E-mail:** ghenadc@gmail.com 126 + 127 + 128 + 129 +**Person:** Verlan Serghei 130 + 131 +**Country:** France 132 + 133 +**Organization:**Universite Paris Est Creteil, LACL, Departement Informatique 134 + 135 +**Phone:** (+33.0) 145176600 136 + 137 +**Fax:** (+33.0) 145176600 138 + 139 +**E-mail:** verlan@u-pec.fr 140 + 141 + 142 + 143 +**1.8 Project location and facilities:** 144 + 145 + 89 89 The National Institute for Economic Research is located in Chisinau, Ion Creanga str., 45. It has 60 rooms. The project team members (3 persons) from this institute are working in 2 of them: 307, 302. The Institute possesses the necessary infrastructure for research in economic science: own library, a network of 85 computers connected to Internet, printers, scanners, Xerox, fax. 90 90 91 91 The Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science is located in Chisinau, Academiei str., 5. It has 50 rooms. The project team members (3 persons) from this institute are working in 2 of them: 308, 318. The Institute possesses the necessary infrastructure for research in computer science: own library, a network of 80 computers connected to Internet, printers, scanners, Xerox, fax. ... ... @@ -92,10 +92,20 @@ 92 92 93 93 The research team from both institutes has the necessary computer resources (six PCs are available) and capabilities for successful realization of the project. 94 94 95 -=== 2. Detailed Description of Work Plan === 96 96 97 -==== 2.1 Introduction ==== 98 98 154 + 155 +**2 Detailed Description of Work Plan** 156 + 157 + 158 +**2.1 Introduction** 159 + 160 + 161 +== What is the problem? == 162 + 163 +//Describe the current state of the problem, the area of research, and why this problem is important.// 164 + 165 + 99 99 Women represent one half of the global population. They deserve equal access to health, education, decent work, workplaces free from discrimination and political representation. According to the //Klaus Schwab// - Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum: “People and their talents are two of the core drivers of sustainable, long-term economic growth. If half of these talents are underdeveloped or underutilized, the economy will never grow as it could. Multiple studies have shown that healthy and educated women are more likely to have healthier and more educated children, creating a positive, virtuous cycle for the broader population. … Governments have an important role to play in creating policies that provide women and men with equal access to opportunities, companies must also create workplaces where the best talent can flourish” [1, preface]. 100 100 101 101 The problem of gender equality is significant at the international level, which is reflected in a lot of international acts. Several documents regulating the ensuring of equality between men and women in society were adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations. In particular, the problems of equality of rights and possibilities for men and women are separated as an independent theme in the United Nations act “//The Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women//” (CEDAW, 1979). This Convention emphasizes that the discrimination of women, namely, distinction, exclusion, or limitation on the gender base, takes place, and admits that “the change in the traditional role of men as well as the role of women in society and in the family is needed to achieve full equality between men and women..., and the social significance of maternity and the role of both parents in the family and in the upbringing of children, and aware that the role of women in procreation should not be a basis for discrimination but that the upbringing of children requires a sharing of responsibility between men and women and society as a whole” [2, preamble]. Also, the member states of the UN identified this topic as one of the eight Millennium Development Goals. ... ... @@ -113,10 +113,18 @@ 113 113 * Trade unions: associate and represent workers, provide collective protection, and advance interests of workers before employers and the state. 114 114 * Society: forms customs and traditions that establish mentality in the country. 115 115 116 -The influenc eof employers on gender equality in employment is really great. It is important to pass the gender-oriented laws, to create gender institutions in the states, but it is also important to solve problems on the micro-economic level. All practical mechanisms of realization of any gender policy at the micro-economic level are closely related with the enterprises of different ownership, sizes, and kinds of activity. Implementation of real practical measures to insure gender equality in employment is reasonable and effective on the level of enterprises. The complexity is that each separate enterprise has its individual system of internal management. The results of gender actions within the framework of such internal control system of the company can be maximal because men and women work at these enterprises daily facing those internal features of the management and rules. Would these practical mechanisms of perfection of gender equality be closely coordinated as a component of internal management of the enterprises, the results from those mechanisms will make positive impact on the particular workers of the particular enterprises.183 +The influence** **of**// //**//employers// on gender equality in employment is really great. It is important to pass the gender-oriented laws, to create gender institutions in the states, but it is also important to solve problems on the micro-economic level. All practical mechanisms of realization of any gender policy at the micro-economic level are closely related with the enterprises of different ownership, sizes, and kinds of activity. Implementation of real practical measures to insure gender equality in employment is reasonable and effective on the level of enterprises. The complexity is that each separate enterprise has its individual system of internal management. The results of gender actions within the framework of such internal control system of the company can be maximal because men and women work at these enterprises daily facing those internal features of the management and rules. Would these practical mechanisms of perfection of gender equality be closely coordinated as a component of internal management of the enterprises, the results from those mechanisms will make positive impact on the particular workers of the particular enterprises. 117 117 118 -==== 2.1 Literature Search ==== 119 119 186 + 187 +**2.1 Literature Search** 188 + 189 + 190 +== What are other people doing? == 191 + 192 +//Describe the main achievements and weak points in this field in the world and in your own country. List the leading scientists and other specialists in this field. Be sure to look beyond the Commonwealth of Independent States, to include the other major scientific and industrial nations, when compiling this list.// 193 + 194 + 120 120 The gender inequality problems were discussed in 60-70th years of ХХ-th century by American scientists in the //neo-classical theory//, particularly, by G. Becker, L. Thurow, T. Schultz, etc. Till now the neo-classical direction is the most developed. The economic reasons of men and women inequality and their consequences were researched by the following scientists: P. Doeringer and M. Piore, E. Phelps, D. Aigner and G. Cain, etc. The elaboration of the instruments for the gender equality evaluation in the sphere of employment was reflected in works of the following scientists: R. Anker, O. Duncan, J. Mincer, R. Oaxaca, A. Blinder, etc. 121 121 122 122 On the basis of "human capital" concept, J. Mincer invented the econometric model, which has established dependence between person’s earnings and educational level, experience, and other factors characterizing the human capital accumulated by the worker [3]. Further, other indicators were included in Mincer's equation, for example, socially-demographic characteristics, such as gender, residence, marital status, enterprise sector (state or private), number of employees at the enterprise, number of subordinates, full/part work time, etc. ... ... @@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ 248 248 **2.5 Organization, Qualification and Staffing** 249 249 250 250 251 -== Who are we? == 326 +== Who are we? == 252 252 253 253 //Briefly describe the institutions and participants of your project, their qualification with references to previous significant results and what they will do in the project. Please highlight, in addition to technical qualifications, any market or social science research skills, or business training the participants may possess. Please note any foreign language capabilities of team members.// 254 254 ... ... @@ -272,6 +272,7 @@ 272 272 1. **Elvira Naval**, PhD in Computer Sciences, Associate Professor in Computer Science, Leading scientific researcher – IMCS; 273 273 1. **Ludmila Malahov**, MSc degree in Computer Science, scientific researcher – IMCS.** ** 274 274 350 + 275 275 **//Tatiana Colesnicova.// **//Ph.D.// in Economic Science from NIER, 2011. Associate Professor in Economy and Management (in social sphere), 2013. From 2015 she is the Head of the NIER Department “Social Researches and Standards of Living”. She is a member of the NIER Methodical Commission, Profile Scientific Seminar. During 2011-2018 she has participated in 26 national and international Scientific Conferences and symposiums. She was reporter on the 7 roundtables. Her main research interests include different social economic problems, gender equality regulation on the labour marker, labour economics, econometric modeling. She has more than 100 publications in these areas. She is author of the monograph “Gender equality regulation in the sphere of employment in the Republic of Moldova” (in English), ed. by NIER, 2012. She participated at several international projects. Participant in creating quarterly edition NIER with the support of EUHLPAM, financed by the European Union and implemented by UNDP Moldova //"Moldovan Economic Trends"/"Tendinţe în Economia Moldovei"** **//(in Romanian and English) during the years 2011 – 2018 (No.1-28) - responsible of the chapter that evaluates the main trends of the Moldovan social sphere. Participant in elaboration Strategies for Moldovan regional socio-economic development: Călăraşi, Rezina, Ialoveni, Leova, Orhei, Straseni. 276 276 277 277 ... ... @@ -325,6 +325,7 @@ 325 325 1. COLESNICOVA T., SAVCENCO S. Analiza de gen a cadrelor științifice din activitatea de cercetare-dezvoltare a Moldovei. In: Economic growth in conditions of internationalization=Creşterea economică în condiţiile internaţionalizării: Conferinţa VIII ştiinţifico-practică internaţională din 17-18 octombrie 2013. Ch.: INCE, 2013, vol. II, -384 p. ISBN 978-9975-4185-2-2, p.247-251 326 326 1. COLESNICOVA T. Tendințe în sfera ocupării forței de muncă a Republicii Moldova prin prisma egalității de gen. In: Culegere după materialele Conferinţei științifice naționale din 01 noiembrie 2013 „Probleme actuale a sectorului social și căile de soluționare a acestora în Republica Moldova” organizată de Asociația Oamenilor de Știință din Moldova „N. Milescu Spătaru” AȘM. Ch.: INCE, 2014, - 80 p., ISBN 978-9975-4185-8-4, p.45-61. 327 327 404 + 328 328 The results of the project will be a good base to continue our work with cooperation with our European partners in the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020, which will move our team closer to financial stability. 329 329 330 330 ... ... @@ -465,6 +465,7 @@ 465 465 466 466 467 467 545 + 468 468 **2.8 Technical Methodology** 469 469 470 470 ... ... @@ -504,6 +504,7 @@ 504 504 * The method //for estimation of horizontal and vertical gender segregation on the enterprises// will be the Duncan index of dissimilarity (ID). Usually, the gender segregation indexes (include and Duncan index of dissimilarity) applied on the macroeconomic level, but in our case we will apply this instrument on the micro-economic level. ID is the most common standard method used to assess the extent of segregation by the type of professions and posts. Typically, ID is calculated as half from the amount of differences (with positive sign) between the proportion of men and women of certain professions or engaged in a particular type of posts. Generally, the formula of calculating the Duncan index of dissimilarity can be presented as (Formula 1): 505 505 506 506 585 + 507 507 [[image:file:///C:\Users\INT04~~1.INT\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image002.gif]] (1) 508 508 509 509 ... ... @@ -576,6 +576,7 @@ 576 576 * Enterprises, companies interested in realization the gender analysis at the own enterprise. In this case, the company by himself carries out a gender audit using the elaborated software and further optionally can be ordered in the portal services of auditors-specialists who will make the recommendations for the company based on the results of software and may conduct additional studies (questionnaires, interviews, etc.). 577 577 * International, national, non-governmental organizations realizing a gender analysis on enterprises. In this case, the representative of such organization (auditor) uses the software as a way of obtaining the necessary indicators, which it operates in the future in the framework of its work for the analysis and preparing the recommendations for the investigated companies. 578 578 658 + 579 579 //Note: It is also possible other variant, in which international, governmental or non-governmental organizations order online realization the gender analysis for the concrete set of enterprises (including the preparation of recommendations), for example, within the grant framework or state program.// 580 580 581 581 ... ... @@ -594,6 +594,7 @@ 594 594 * Software procedures for calculating the resulting indicators and possible data verification, separately, will be connected .dll or library, written in one of the high-level programming languages (C ++, Pascal, Java) 595 595 * The rest of the functionality and interface of the software will be created using the tools provided and available by the selected CMS. 596 596 677 + 597 597 **Stage 5**. Elaboration of software. Q4-Q5 598 598 599 599 On this stage we will elaborate the innovative software. The elaboration of software will include the following substages: ... ... @@ -669,6 +669,7 @@ 669 669 * In accordance with this, the module must be capable to do the appendix to the report with the calculated indicators of additional information provided in the form of files containing the recommendations, the results of surveys, interviews, etc. 670 670 * The visualization results module should also allow comparing the results of the enterprise in case when the enterprise realized the several audits, which will present the gender equality on the enterprises in dynamics.// // 671 671 753 + 672 672 **Stage 6**. Debugging, testing and integration of elaborated software. Q6 673 673 674 674 ... ... @@ -761,6 +761,7 @@ 761 761 762 762 763 763 846 + 764 764 **3. Work schedule** 765 765 766 766 Definite stages of the project implementation are represented in matrix diagram in Table 1.