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14 14  
15 15  {{info}}
16 16  ==== 1.1 Project Title ====
17 -Innovative approaches to applied computations and software development for gender equality regulation on labour market
17 +**Innovative approaches to applied computations and software development for gender equality regulation on labour market**
18 18  {{/info}}
19 19  
20 +{{info}}
20 20  ==== 1.2 Project Science and Technology Areas: ====
22 +|(% width="15%" %)**Primary:**    | Industrial Technologies
23 +|(% width="15%" %)**Secondary:**  | Environmental and Non-Nuclear Energy Research
24 +{{/info}}
21 21  
22 -|**Primary:**     | Industrial Technologies
23 -|**Secondary:**   | Environmental and Non-Nuclear Energy Research
24 24  
27 +==== 1.3 Project Manager: ====
25 25  
26 -====1.3 Project Manager:====
29 +|(% width="15%" %)**Name:**        | Colesnicova Tatiana Vladimir (PhD, Associate Professor)
30 +|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:**       | (+373.22) 501104
31 +|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:**         | (+373.22) 743794
32 +|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:**      | ctania@gmail.com
27 27  
28 -|**Name:**        |    Colesnicova Tatiana Vladimir (PhD, Associate Professor)
29 -|**Phone:**       |    (+373.22) 501104
30 -|**Fax:**         |    (+373.22) 743794
31 -|**E-mail:**      |    ctania@gmail.com
34 +==== 1.4 Coordinating Institution: ====
35 +|(% width="15%" %)**Name:**        | National Institute for Economic Research of Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of  of Moldova
36 +|(% width="15%" %)**Address:**     | MD-2064, 45, Ion Creanga, Сhisinau, Moldova
32 32  
33 -**1.4 Coordinating Institution:**
34 -**Name:**            National Institute for Economic Research of Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of  of Moldova
38 +==== 1.5 Participating institution manager: ====
35 35  
36 -**Address:**        MD-2064, 45, Ion Creanga, Сhisinau, Moldova
40 +|(% width="15%" %)**Name:**        | Colesnicov Alexandru Eugeniu (PhD, Associate Professor)
41 +|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:**       | (+373.22) 738073
42 +|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:**         | (+373.22) 738027
43 +|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:**      | acolesnicov@gmx.com
37 37  
45 +==== 1.6 Participating Institution: ====
38 38  
39 -**1.5 Participating institution manager:**
47 +|(% width="15%" %)**Name:**       | Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science  of Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of  of Moldova
48 +|(% width="15%" %)**Address:**    | MD-2028, Academy, 5, Chisinau, Moldova
40 40  
50 +==== 1.7 Foreign Collaborators: ====
41 41  
52 +|(% width="15%" %)**Person:**      |     Vasa Laszlo
53 +|(% width="15%" %)**Country:**     |   Hungary
54 +|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:**|Institute For Foreign Affairs And Trade
55 +|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:**       |     (+36.1) 2795702
56 +|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:**         |       (+36.1) 2795701
57 +|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:**      |     laszlo.vasa@ifat.hu
42 42  
43 -**Name:**            Colesnicov Alexandru Eugeniu (PhD, Associate Professor)
59 +|(% width="15%" %)**Person:**        |Ghinararu Catalin-Corneliu
60 +|(% width="15%" %)**Country:**       |Romania
61 +|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:** |National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection
62 +|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:**         |(+40.21) 3124069
63 +|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:**           |(+40.21) 3117595
64 +|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:**        |catalin.ghinararu@gmail.com
44 44  
45 -**Phone:**            (+373.22) 738073
66 +|(% width="15%" %)**Person:**      | Forascu Corina
67 +|(% width="15%" %)**Country:**     | Romania
68 +|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:**| Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi
69 +|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:**       | (+40.232) 201090
70 +|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:**         | (+40.232) 201490
71 +|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:**      | corina.forascu@gmail.com
46 46  
47 -**Fax:**                (+373.22) 738027
73 +|(% width="15%" %)**Person:**      | Ciobanu Ghenadie
74 +|(% width="15%" %)**Country:**     | Romania
75 +|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:**| National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection
76 +|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:**       | (+40.213) 124069
77 +|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:**         | (+40.213) 117595
78 +|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:**      | ghenadc@gmail.com
48 48  
49 -**E-mail:**           acolesnicov@gmx.com
80 +|(% width="15%" %)**Person:**      | Verlan Serghei
81 +|(% width="15%" %)**Country:**     | France
82 +|(% width="15%" %)**Organization:**| Universite Paris Est Creteil, LACL, Departement Informatique
83 +|(% width="15%" %)**Phone:**       | (+33.0) 145176600
84 +|(% width="15%" %)**Fax:**         | (+33.0) 145176600
85 +|(% width="15%" %)**E-mail:**      | verlan@u-pec.fr
50 50  
87 +==== 1.8 Project location and facilities: ====
51 51  
52 -**1.6 Participating Institution:**
53 -
54 -
55 -
56 -**Name:**            Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science  of Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of  of Moldova
57 -
58 -**Address:**        MD-2028, Academy, 5, Chisinau, Moldova
59 -
60 -
61 -**1.7 Foreign Collaborators:**
62 -
63 -
64 -
65 -**Person:**           Vasa Laszlo
66 -
67 -**Country:**        Hungary
68 -
69 -**Organization:**Institute For Foreign Affairs And Trade
70 -
71 -**Phone:**            (+36.1) 2795702
72 -
73 -**Fax:**                (+36.1) 2795701
74 -
75 -**E-mail:**           laszlo.vasa@ifat.hu
76 -
77 -
78 -
79 -**Person:**           Ghinararu Catalin-Corneliu
80 -
81 -**Country:**        Romania
82 -
83 -**Organization:**National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection
84 -
85 -**Phone:**            (+40.21) 3124069
86 -
87 -**Fax:**                (+40.21) 3117595
88 -
89 -**E-mail:**           catalin.ghinararu@gmail.com
90 -
91 -
92 -
93 -**Person:**           Forascu Corina
94 -
95 -**Country:**        Romania
96 -
97 -**Organization:**Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi
98 -
99 -**Phone:**            (+40.232) 201090
100 -
101 -**Fax:**                (+40.232) 201490
102 -
103 -**E-mail:**           corina.forascu@gmail.com
104 -
105 -
106 -
107 -**Person:**           Ciobanu Ghenadie
108 -
109 -**Country:**        Romania
110 -
111 -**Organization:**National Scientific Research Institute for Labour and Social Protection
112 -
113 -**Phone:**            (+40.213) 124069
114 -
115 -**Fax:**                (+40.213) 117595
116 -
117 -**E-mail:**           ghenadc@gmail.com
118 -
119 -
120 -
121 -**Person:**           Verlan Serghei
122 -
123 -**Country:**        France
124 -
125 -**Organization:**Universite Paris Est Creteil, LACL, Departement Informatique
126 -
127 -**Phone:**            (+33.0) 145176600
128 -
129 -**Fax:**                (+33.0) 145176600
130 -
131 -**E-mail:**           verlan@u-pec.fr
132 -
133 -
134 -
135 -**1.8 Project location and facilities:**
136 -
137 -
138 138  The National Institute for Economic Research is located in Chisinau, Ion Creanga str., 45. It has 60 rooms. The project team members (3 persons) from this institute are working in 2 of them: 307, 302. The Institute possesses the necessary infrastructure for research in economic science: own library, a network of 85 computers connected to Internet, printers, scanners, Xerox, fax.
139 139  
140 140  The Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science is located in Chisinau, Academiei str., 5. It has 50 rooms. The project team members (3 persons) from this institute are working in 2 of them: 308, 318. The Institute possesses the necessary infrastructure for research in computer science: own library, a network of 80 computers connected to Internet, printers, scanners, Xerox, fax.
... ... @@ -141,20 +141,12 @@
141 141  
142 142  The research team from both institutes has the necessary computer resources (six PCs are available) and capabilities for successful realization of the project.
143 143  
95 +=== 2.  Detailed Description of Work Plan ===
144 144  
97 +==== 2.1 Introduction ====
145 145  
99 +**//What is the problem?//**
146 146  
147 -**2          Detailed Description of Work Plan**
148 -
149 -
150 -**2.1 Introduction**
151 -
152 -
153 -== What is the problem? ==
154 -
155 -//Describe the current state of the problem, the area of research, and why this problem is important.//
156 -
157 -
158 158  Women represent one half of the global population. They deserve equal access to health, education, decent work, workplaces free from discrimination and political representation. According to the //Klaus Schwab// - Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum: “People and their talents are two of the core drivers of sustainable, long-term economic growth. If half of these talents are underdeveloped or underutilized, the economy will never grow as it could. Multiple studies have shown that healthy and educated women are more likely to have healthier and more educated children, creating a positive, virtuous cycle for the broader population. … Governments have an important role to play in creating policies that provide women and men with equal access to opportunities, companies must also create workplaces where the best talent can flourish” [1, preface].
159 159  
160 160  The problem of gender equality is significant at the international level, which is reflected in a lot of international acts. Several documents regulating the ensuring of equality between men and women in society were adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations. In particular, the problems of equality of rights and possibilities for men and women are separated as an independent theme in the United Nations act “//The Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women//” (CEDAW, 1979). This Convention emphasizes that the discrimination of women, namely, distinction, exclusion, or limitation on the gender base, takes place, and admits that “the change in the traditional role of men as well as the role of women in society and in the family is needed to achieve full equality between men and women..., and the social significance of maternity and the role of both parents in the family and in the upbringing of children, and aware that the role of women in procreation should not be a basis for discrimination but that the upbringing of children requires a sharing of responsibility between men and women and society as a whole” [2, preamble]. Also, the member states of the UN identified this topic as one of the eight Millennium Development Goals.
... ... @@ -172,18 +172,12 @@
172 172  * Trade unions: associate and represent workers, provide collective protection, and advance interests of workers before employers and the state.
173 173  * Society: forms customs and traditions that establish mentality in the country.
174 174  
175 -The influence** **of**// //**//employers// on gender equality in employment is really great. It is important to pass the gender-oriented laws, to create gender institutions in the states, but it is also important to solve problems on the micro-economic level. All practical mechanisms of realization of any gender policy at the micro-economic level are closely related with the enterprises of different ownership, sizes, and kinds of activity. Implementation of real practical measures to insure gender equality in employment is reasonable and effective on the level of enterprises. The complexity is that each sep­arate enterprise has its individual system of internal management. The results of gender actions within the framework of such internal control system of the company can be maximal because men and women work at these enterprises daily facing those internal features of the management and rules. Would these practical mechanisms of perfection of gender equality be closely coordinated as a component of internal management of the enterprises, the results from those mechanisms will make positive impact on the particular workers of the particular enterprises.
118 +The influenc eof employers on gender equality in employment is really great. It is important to pass the gender-oriented laws, to create gender institutions in the states, but it is also important to solve problems on the micro-economic level. All practical mechanisms of realization of any gender policy at the micro-economic level are closely related with the enterprises of different ownership, sizes, and kinds of activity. Implementation of real practical measures to insure gender equality in employment is reasonable and effective on the level of enterprises. The complexity is that each sep­arate enterprise has its individual system of internal management. The results of gender actions within the framework of such internal control system of the company can be maximal because men and women work at these enterprises daily facing those internal features of the management and rules. Would these practical mechanisms of perfection of gender equality be closely coordinated as a component of internal management of the enterprises, the results from those mechanisms will make positive impact on the particular workers of the particular enterprises.
176 176  
120 +==== 2.1 Literature Search ====
177 177  
122 +**//What are other people doing?//**
178 178  
179 -**2.1       Literature Search**
180 -
181 -
182 -== What are other people doing? ==
183 -
184 -//Describe the main achievements and weak points in this field in the world and in your own country.    List the leading scientists and other specialists in this field. Be sure to look beyond the Commonwealth of Independent States, to include the other major scientific and industrial nations, when compiling this list.//
185 -
186 -
187 187  The gender inequality problems were discussed in 60-70th years of ХХ-th century by American scientists in the //neo-classical theory//, particularly, by G. Becker, L. Thurow, T. Schultz, etc. Till now the neo-classical direction is the most developed. The economic reasons of men and women inequality and their consequences were researched by the following scientists: P. Doeringer and M. Piore, E. Phelps, D. Aigner and G. Cain, etc. The elaboration of the instruments for the gender equality evaluation in the sphere of employment was reflected in works of the following scientists: R. Anker, O. Duncan, J. Mincer, R. Oaxaca, A. Blinder, etc.
188 188  
189 189  On the basis of "human capital" concept, J. Mincer invented the econometric model, which has established dependence between person’s earnings and educational level, experience, and other factors characterizing the human capital accumulated by the worker [3]. Further, other indicators were included in Mincer's equation, for example, socially-demographic characteristics, such as gender, residence, marital status, enterprise sector (state or private), number of employees at the enterprise, number of subordinates, full/part work time, etc.
... ... @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@
192 192  
193 193  To explain existing discrimination in the sphere of employment, neo-classic economists offered three different approaches: discrimination, as consequence of employer preferences, consumer preferences, or work’s collaborator preferences; statistical discrimination; discrimination based on segmentation of labour market and caused by its monopoly structure.
194 194  
195 -It is necessary to mention the papers of the American scientists: R. Oaxaca “Male-female wage differentials in urban labor markets” [5], and A. Blinder “Wage discrimination: reduced form and structural estimates” [6],**// //**which have been appeared concurrently in 1973. In that research they went further than J. Mincer. With the invention of gender decomposition in wages, they have actually offered a method which allows to estimate the gender gap and discrimination in wages.
132 +It is necessary to mention the papers of the American scientists: R. Oaxaca “Male-female wage differentials in urban labor markets” [5], and A. Blinder “Wage discrimination: reduced form and structural estimates” [6], which have been appeared concurrently in 1973. In that research they went further than J. Mincer. With the invention of gender decomposition in wages, they have actually offered a method which allows to estimate the gender gap and discrimination in wages.
196 196  
197 197  The theory of propensity to discrimination on the level of preferences or biases from employer, consumer, and worker’s collaborators was introduced by G. Becker in 1957 in his work “The economics of discrimination” [7]. G. Becker set up the assumption that a part of employers preferred recruiting the certain worker’s group, including on the sex basis. For this preference, they are ready to bear additional costs paying bigger salary for those workers groups, which are more preferable for him.
198 198  
... ... @@ -214,12 +214,8 @@
214 214  
215 215  The report of the Moldovan researchers group “Revelation of the gender discrimination phenomenon in the labour market of the Republic of Moldova” (rus.: «Выявление феномена дискриминации по полу на рынке труда в Республике Молдова») is dedicated the problems of discrimination on a labour market of Moldova. The results of this research were elaborated within the limits of the project 2005-2006 “Combating gender  discrimination on a labour market and revealing the possibilities to reduction of this phenomenon in the Republic of Moldova” (rus.: «Борьба с дискриминацией по полу на рынке труда и выявление возможностей сокращения этого феномена в Республике Молдова») [12]. By the results of the research “the majority of interviewed persons (80.9%) consider that gender discrimination on the labour market today is a serious problem” and that “basically women are subject to gender discrimination” [12, p. 20]. Generalizing the opinions of interviewed persons, researchers come to the conclusion that: “Gender discrimination on a labour market, which referees to women, takes place at all stages of labour activity: recruiting; payments; promotions on "//career// ladder"; ensuring maternity leave assistance; dismissals; seek-live assistance; ensuring of vocation; training at the enterprise” [12, p. 30]. Three principal kinds of women’s discrimination are especially maintained: at the recruiting on labour, at the promotions on "//career// //ladder//", at the payment [12, p. 29].
216 216  
154 +**//How are their results being applied?//**
217 217  
218 -**How are their results being applied?**
219 -
220 -//Indicate any current technical, commercial, industrial or other practical applications of research in this field.  To the extent possible list the leading firms, laboratories, and university centers whose scientific activities (commercial, fundamental, or both) depend upon advancements in your field.  When developing this list, be sure to look beyond the Commonwealth of Independent States, to include the other major scientific and industrial nations.//
221 -
222 -
223 223  The calculations based on extended Mincer’s equation, Duncan index of dissimilarity, the standard Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition were present in many development countries by different scientists. For example, the foreign researchers as: T. Riim, E. Kallaste (2004) in Estonia [15]; A. Galego, J. Pereira (2006) in Portugal [16]; M. Johansson, K. Katz (2006) in Sweden [17]; Y. Guo (2004) in Guatemala [18]; Le Grand C. (1991) in Sweden [19] and scientists from other countries - were applied the method of estimation the difference in wages offered by R. Oaxaca [5] and A. Blinder [6]. This method allows to separate explainable (i.e. caused by personal properties and characteristics of workplaces) differences in wages from unexplainable differences, which are treated as discrimination. But, all these calculations were executed on macroeconomic level as some examples without detailed analyzing of separate enterprises. 
224 224  
225 225  In 2000 the analysis of working conditions and gender inequality was performed by ILO together with leaders and trade union organizations on the basis of the sociological method of interviewing employees in Russian Federation at three pilot plants [13]: Moscow Tire Plant, “Moscow Bearing” plant, “The Paris Commune” enterprise.
... ... @@ -227,7 +227,7 @@
227 227  In 2007 the ILO published “A manual for gender audit facilitators: The ILO parti­cipatory gender audit methodology” [14].  The methodology of gender audits offered by the ILO is based on the principle of active parti­cipation and uses the sociological methods of analysis. This kind of audit is classified as qualitative. The qualitative analysis performed on the basis of active participation (usually some surveys or questionnaires to all employees or only for some of their categories) brings the risk of subjectivity and data twisting in responses (in one's mind the situation is better or worse than it actually is). In­deed, it is possible to perform a lot of different case studies, examining certain gender aspects of the labor market, but they all show the common picture. In addition, the evidence of gender segregation and pay discrimination are in the economic field, not in sociology. Therefore, it is unlikely to obtain the exhaustive explanation by extremely simple surveys and questionnaires based on the sociological reports.
228 228  
229 229  
230 -**References**
163 +**//References//**
231 231  
232 232  
233 233  1. Global Gender Gap Report 2014. The World Economic Forum, Geneva, Switzerland, 2014//, //[[www3.weforum.org/docs/GGGR14/GGGR_Complete>>url:http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GGGR14/GGGR_Complete]]Report_2014.pdf
... ... @@ -250,22 +250,18 @@
250 250  1. GUO Y. Male-female wages differentials in Guatemala: 1989-1998. Advisor: Dr. GINDLING T. ECON 699 Paper, 23.04.2004. 15 p., [[http:~~/~~/www.umbc.edu/economics/ grad_699_abstracts/ y_guo_paper.pdf>>url:http://www.umbc.edu/economics/%20grad_699_abstracts/%20y_guo_paper.pdf]]
251 251  1. LE GRAND C. Explaining the male-female wage gap: Job segregation and solidarity wage bargaining in Sweden. Acta Sociologica, 1991, No. 34, p. 261–278.
252 252  
253 -// //
186 +//
187 +//
254 254  
189 +==== 2.3 Purpose and Objective ====
255 255  
256 -**2.3       Purpose and Objective**
191 +**What are we are going to do?**
257 257  
258 -
259 -== What are we are going to do? ==
260 -
261 -//Explain how your project will help to solve this problem. Describe your proposed investigation. Provide, as appropriate, graphs, pictures or diagram to illustrate your explanation.  Please be sure your description  covers the main points of your project.//
262 -
263 -
264 264  **The purpose of the project** is to develop the innovative software for gender equality regulation on the labour market, which is using statistical and econometrical methods.
265 265  
266 266  Innovative software for gender equality regulation on the labour market represent the //gender audit at an enterprise// is the independent inspection/checkup of the enterprise to ana­lyze, monitor, and identify gender problems of the staff, with subsequent elaboration of proposals to improve the company policy in the direction of gender equality. Innovative software is a tool for the enter­prise gender management at the microeconomic level.
267 267  
268 -The elaborated software** **should become the starting point on a microeconomic level of the company’s internal management. The role of the gender audit in the sphere of enterprises management consists not only in independent check of a current situation. The independent audit participates actively in the formation of internal aspects of company manage­ment, creates the recommendations on the questions of internal management, and assumes the con­trol mechanism over the promotion of the offered measures by repeated or cross-control audits. The similar experience from other directions exists: the financial audit became an integral part of an in­ternal control system of the large and medium companies; the audit of quality standards ISO 9000 affects in the same manner.
197 +The elaborated software should become the starting point on a microeconomic level of the company’s internal management. The role of the gender audit in the sphere of enterprises management consists not only in independent check of a current situation. The independent audit participates actively in the formation of internal aspects of company manage­ment, creates the recommendations on the questions of internal management, and assumes the con­trol mechanism over the promotion of the offered measures by repeated or cross-control audits. The similar experience from other directions exists: the financial audit became an integral part of an in­ternal control system of the large and medium companies; the audit of quality standards ISO 9000 affects in the same manner.
269 269  
270 270  IT aspect of this project is also very important. With information technologies, scattered and separated data would be processed into reliable operative information for decision making. The supposed application of IT in the framework of this project, namely, regulation of gender equality on the labour market, is actual, and waits for development of the corresponding applicative software.
271 271  
... ... @@ -273,17 +273,11 @@
273 273  
274 274  Accordingly, the innovative software should become that practical mechanism on a microeconomic level, which will be closely build into the system of internal management of the companies and, besides checking of the current condition of gender equality, will allow to develop the most concrete, approaching to conditions of the given enterprise, recommendations on perfec­tion of regulation of gender equality, and carry out check of performance of these recommenda­tions. As such practical mechanism, the elaborated software will allow to overcome con­tradictions between the accepted laws at nation-wide level and their realization at the concrete en­terprises. It is necessary to note the feedback effect, when the elaborated software on the level of separate enterprises will render a positive effect at macroeconomic level. Besides it, indirect influ­ence on change of gender stereotypes in a society is possible also.
275 275  
276 -
277 -
278 278  **What is the objective?**
279 279  
280 -//Succinctly state the primary objective of the project. //
281 -
282 -
283 283  **The main objective of our project** is to realize and implement on a labour market the special methods and instruments witch will contribute to gender equality, social cohesion and protection in the sphere of employment, which ultimately leads to increased well-being both individual and companies and the society as a whole.
284 284  
285 -{{{The specific objectives of the project are the following:}}}
286 -
209 +The specific objectives of the project are the following:
287 287  * to elaborate integrated methodology of applying econometrical and statistical methods for analyzing data of enterprises in the gender aspect;
288 288  * to develop the innovative software for gender equality regulation on the labour market, which is using of this elaborated methodology;
289 289  * to develop form and presentation of innovative software obtained results;
... ... @@ -291,17 +291,10 @@
291 291  
292 292  The results of this work may become an impulse to developing a new instrument in gender equality regulation on the labour markets of different countries and in the society as a hole.
293 293  
217 +==== 2.4 Expected Significance ====
294 294  
295 -== ==
219 +**What’s new?**
296 296  
297 -**2.4              Expected Significance**
298 -
299 -
300 -== What’s new? ==
301 -
302 -//Describe and compare in what way your project work and results are new, unique, and/or different from similar research all over the world. If your research has any practical application, explain how it will contribute to developments in the appropriate commercial or technical sectors.  If your research is theoretical or fundamental, explain how it will further scientific understanding, and your team's ability to compete for funding. Support any claims with reference to preliminary or published results, if possible. //
303 -
304 -
305 305  The elaborated software, as the element of gender management of the enterprises, represents **one of the newest world tendencies in the field of gender regulation** **of a labour market**. Innovative software should include not only the analysis of the current condition of gender equality at the enterprise, but assumes also producing specific proposals on situation improvement in this sphere. Also, it is necessary to have mechanisms of the subsequent control over realization of these offers. In this case innovative software becomes "starting point" of all gender manage­ment on a microeconomic level of the separate enterprises and will bring real advantage both to men and women, and to employers.
306 306  
307 307  **The scientific novelty and originality of the proposed investigation** seems to be the next step in the development of approaches to gender equality at the micro-economic level as an important component of the evolution of gender-based management. Using the developing software will be calculated in one program in very short time the following: the value of gender horizontal and vertical segregation on the enterprises, the human capital influence on the value of men and women wages, the degree of gender discrimination in payment, etc.
... ... @@ -310,28 +310,16 @@
310 310  
311 311  These circumstances can motivate the need for innovative software by economic methods, requiring a more detailed analysis of the economic data of enterprises. Thus, not opposing to the standard meth­odology of qualitative audit proposed by the ILO with the use of sociological methods, we propose a new innovative software as quantitative gender inspection/checkup of enterprises, based on the analysis of economic indicators of the enterprise that uses the techniques of statistical and econometrical analysis.
312 312  
229 +==== 2.5 Organization, Qualification and Staffing ====
313 313  
314 -
315 -**2.5              Organization, Qualification and Staffing**
316 -
317 -
318 -== Who are we? ==
319 -
320 -//Briefly describe the institutions and participants of your project, their qualification with references to previous significant results and what they will do in the project. Please highlight, in addition to technical qualifications, any market or social science research skills, or business training the participants may possess.  Please note any foreign language capabilities of team members.//
321 -
322 -
323 323  **Organizations:**
324 324  
233 +* The **National Institute for Economic Research (NIER)** of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of Moldova is a public institution (think-tank) which deals with scientific economic research. The main beneficiaries are Ministry of Economy and Infrastructure, Ministry of Agriculture, Regional Development and Environment, Ministry of Health, Labour and Social Protection, Academy of Sciences and others. The Institute collaborates with numerous Moldovan and foreign academic centers, with central and local administration bodies, as well as representatives of business and social stakeholders. Main activities are related to scientific researches in economy, finance, statistics, reforming of social sphere and integration of the Republic of Moldova in world economic circuit. NIER has the necessary experience and capacities for realization of projects and can be a reliable partner in the future. Former experience covers a wide variety of applied research on the evolution of economic and social processes in Moldova, insuring a stable economic growth and high living standards. The most important research directions are: Economic and financial models, mechanisms for sustainable growth; Business and investment environment; Agricultural policies and informational base for rural development in the context of food safety; Demographic and social development policies. NIER has been a participant of a number of national and international research projects financed by European Commission (INTAS, FP5, FP6, FP7), TACIS, UNESCO, UNDP, EUHLPAM, Visegrad Fund. One of the main research directions of the NIER is fundamental and applied researches in the domain of labour market, gender equality regulation, business environment, enterprises development. The proposed project represents continuation and new development of the research, carried out by NIER.
325 325  
326 -The **National Institute for Economic Research (NIER)** of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of Moldova is a public institution (think-tank) which deals with scientific economic research. The main beneficiaries are Ministry of Economy and Infrastructure, Ministry of Agriculture, Regional Development and Environment, Ministry of Health, Labour and Social Protection, Academy of Sciences and others. The Institute collaborates with numerous Moldovan and foreign academic centers, with central and local administration bodies, as well as representatives of business and social stakeholders. Main activities are related to scientific researches in economy, finance, statistics, reforming of social sphere and integration of the Republic of Moldova in world economic circuit. NIER has the necessary experience and capacities for realization of projects and can be a reliable partner in the future. Former experience covers a wide variety of applied research on the evolution of economic and social processes in Moldova, insuring a stable economic growth and high living standards. The most important research directions are: Economic and financial models, mechanisms for sustainable growth; Business and investment environment; Agricultural policies and informational base for rural development in the context of food safety; Demographic and social development policies. NIER has been a participant of a number of national and international research projects financed by European Commission (INTAS, FP5, FP6, FP7), TACIS, UNESCO, UNDP, EUHLPAM, Visegrad Fund. One of the main research directions of the NIER is fundamental and applied researches in the domain of labour market, gender equality regulation, business environment, enterprises development. The proposed project represents continuation and new development of the research, carried out by NIER.
235 +* The **Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science (IMCS)** of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of Moldova is the leading research institute in the domain of mathematics and computer science in the Republic of Moldova. IMCS was founded in 1964. The results achieved by its researchers and specialists won the recognition of scientific community, covering different fields of mathematics and computer science: algebra, logic, geometry, topology, differential equations, mathematical modeling and optimization, numerical methods, theory of probability, programming and artificial intelligence, models of computing, advanced information technologies. IMCS publishes two peer-reviewed international journals: "Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Republic of Moldova" and "Computer Science Journal of Moldova", distributed in approximately 160 scientific centers from 47 countries. IMCS has been a participant of a number of national and international research projects financed by European Commission (INTAS, FP5, FP6, FP7), CRDF/MRDA, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, NATO, UNESCO, UNDP, and STCU.
327 327  
328 -
329 -The **Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science (IMCS)** of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Research of the Republic of Moldova is the leading research institute in the domain of mathematics and computer science in the Republic of Moldova. IMCS was founded in 1964. The results achieved by its researchers and specialists won the recognition of scientific community, covering different fields of mathematics and computer science: algebra, logic, geometry, topology, differential equations, mathematical modeling and optimization, numerical methods, theory of probability, programming and artificial intelligence, models of computing, advanced information technologies. IMCS publishes two peer-reviewed international journals: "Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Republic of Moldova" and "Computer Science Journal of Moldova", distributed in approximately 160 scientific centers from 47 countries. IMCS has been a participant of a number of national and international research projects financed by European Commission (INTAS, FP5, FP6, FP7), CRDF/MRDA, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, NATO, UNESCO, UNDP, and STCU.
330 -
331 -
332 332  **Persons on the team:**
333 333  
334 -
335 335  1. **Tatiana Colesnicova**, PhD in Economic Science, Associate Professor in Economic Science, Leading scientific researcher, Head of the Department “Social Researches and Standards of Living”, the team leader – NIER;
336 336  1. **Eugenia Lucasenco**,** **PhD student in Economic Science, scientific researcher – NIER;
337 337  1. **Mihail Ciobanu**, MSc degree in Demography and Population Economics, scientific researcher – NIER;
... ... @@ -339,7 +339,7 @@
339 339  1. **Elvira Naval**, PhD in Computer Sciences, Associate Professor in Computer Science, Leading scientific researcher – IMCS;
340 340  1. **Ludmila Malahov**, MSc degree in Computer Science, scientific researcher – IMCS.**  **
341 341  
342 -**//Tatiana Colesnicova.// **//Ph.D.// in Economic Science from NIER, 2011. Associate Professor in Economy and Management (in social sphere), 2013. From 2015 she is the Head of the NIER Department “Social Researches and Standards of Living”. She is a member of the NIER Methodical Commission, Profile Scientific Seminar. During 2011-2018 she has participated in 26 national and international Scientific Conferences and symposiums. She was reporter on the 7 roundtables. Her main research interests include different social economic problems, gender equality regulation on the labour marker, labour economics, econometric modeling. She has more than 100 publications in these areas. She is author of the monograph “Gender equality regulation in the sphere of employment in the Republic of Moldova” (in English), ed. by NIER, 2012. She participated at several international projects. Participant in creating quarterly edition NIER with the support of EUHLPAM, financed by the European Union and implemented by UNDP Moldova //"Moldovan Economic Trends"/"Tendinţe în Economia Moldovei"** **//(in Romanian and English) during the years 2011 – 2018 (No.1-28) - responsible of the chapter that evaluates the main trends of the Moldovan social sphere. Participant in elaboration Strategies for Moldovan regional socio-economic development: Călăraşi, Rezina, Ialoveni, Leova, Orhei, Straseni.
246 +**//Tatiana Colesnicova.//** Ph.D.// in Economic Science from NIER, 2011. Associate Professor in Economy and Management (in social sphere), 2013. From 2015 she is the Head of the NIER Department “Social Researches and Standards of Living”. She is a member of the NIER Methodical Commission, Profile Scientific Seminar. During 2011-2018 she has participated in 26 national and international Scientific Conferences and symposiums. She was reporter on the 7 roundtables. Her main research interests include different social economic problems, gender equality regulation on the labour marker, labour economics, econometric modeling. She has more than 100 publications in these areas. She is author of the monograph “Gender equality regulation in the sphere of employment in the Republic of Moldova” (in English), ed. by NIER, 2012. She participated at several international projects. Participant in creating quarterly edition NIER with the support of EUHLPAM, financed by the European Union and implemented by UNDP Moldova //"Moldovan Economic Trends"/"Tendinţe în Economia Moldovei"** **//(in Romanian and English) during the years 2011 – 2018 (No.1-28) - responsible of the chapter that evaluates the main trends of the Moldovan social sphere. Participant in elaboration Strategies for Moldovan regional socio-economic development: Călăraşi, Rezina, Ialoveni, Leova, Orhei, Straseni.
343 343  
344 344  
345 345  **//Eugenia Lucasenco//**//, Ph.D. student// of NIER in University of Academy of Sciences of Moldova (specialization – economy and management)//, MSc// degree in foreign affairs, scientific researcher within the NIER//.// She has over 15 publications and participations at national and international conferences.// //She has been involved in 2 national and 3 international projects and elaboration of socio-economic strategies for several districts from the Republic of Moldova. Participated in creating quarterly edition NIER with the support of EUHLPAM, financed by the European Union and implemented by UNDP Moldova //"Moldovan Economic Trends"/"Tendinţe în Economia Moldovei"** **//(in Romanian and English) during the years 2011 – 2015 (Nr.1-16) - responsible of the chapter that evaluates the main political, economic and social events from the Republic of Moldova. She has participated in several national projects (as a team member).